Namel long ol 'energy technologies' i wok long kamap hariap, wok bilong saiens long makim ol samting bilong bateri i save mekim wok bilong bateri, sefti, na kos-ifektivnes bilong bateri. Stat long ol samting bilong yusim pawa i go inap long ol kar i save ron long lektrik na i go inap long ol bikpela sistem bilong putim pawa, ol narapela narapela aplikesen i save putim ol kain kain samting long ol samting bilong wokim bateri, na dispela i mekim na ol i mas makim gut ol samting bilong wokim bateri.
Namba wan, 'energy density' em i wanpela bikpela samting long tingim. Ol 'lithium-ion' bateri em ol gutpela samting bilong ol 'portable device' bikos ol i gat bikpela 'specific capacity' (olsem, 'theoretical capacity' bilong ol 'lithium cobalt oxide cathodes' em inap olsem 140 mAh/g). Taim lithium iron phosphate (LFP), maski em i gat liklik eneji densiti (inap olsem 160 mAh/g), ol i save yusim planti long ol nupela eneji kar bikos em i no inap hat tumas na i gat longpela laip bilong en. Namba tu, sefti em i bikpela samting. Ol 'ternary materials' (olsem nikel-kobalt-manganese (NCM)) i gat bikpela eneji densiti tasol ol i save kisim oksijen long taim bilong bikpela hat, na dispela i save kamapim hevi bilong 'thermal runaway'. Tasol, ol samting bilong 'lithium titanate anode' i save givim gutpela sefti na i gutpela long ol wok we i nidim strongpela 'stability'.
Kost na risos sastenebiliti tu i save stiaim ol disisen bilong ol samting bilong wokim samting. Ol risos bilong kobalt i sot na prais bilong en i save senis senis, na dispela i kirapim indastri long wokim ol disain we i no gat kobalt- (olsem nikel-manganese binary cathodes) o kamapim ol narapela teknoloji olsem sodium-ion bateri. Na tu, ol i mas tingim sapos envairomen i ken wok gut wantaim. Long taim bilong liklik hat, 'ionic conductivity' bilong ol 'electrolytes' na ol samting bilong 'electrode' i save go daun, na dispela i mekim na ol i mas yusim ol 'additives' (olsem LiFSI) o 'solid-state electrolytes' long mekim wok i kamap gutpela.
Long pinis bilong en, wok bilong makim ol samting bilong bateri i nidim wanpela gutpela balens bilong ol pefomens paramita, ol aplikesen rikwaemen, na ol kondisen bilong saplai sen. Wantaim ol nupela teknoloji olsem ol 'solid-state' bateri na ol 'lithium-sulfur bateri, saiens bilong ol samting bai go het long go pas long kamapim ol nupela samting insait long bateri indastri.